Sedimentation



lJune 6, 1939. J. vAN N. DoRR 2,160,838

SEDIMENTATION Original Filed Jan. 25, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet l NTOR.

JOHN V.N.DORR

' ATTORNEY.

4June 6, 1939. J. vAN N. DORR SEDIMENTATION original Filed Jan. 25, 1955 4 Sheets-'Sheet 2 INVENTORS 'A JOHN V. N. DORR ATTORNEY.

lJune 6, 1939. JjvN N. DoRR SEDI'MENTATION -4 Sheets-Sme?l 3 v INVENTOR. JOHN V. N. DORR ATTORNEY.

Junes, 1939. HAN NDQRR 2,160,838"

EDIMENTATIN 4 Original Filed Jan. 25, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEY.

y Patented -.ltme.-z,1939A SEDIMENTATIGN John Nostrand Dorr, Westport, Conn., as-

slgnor to The Dorr Company, Inc., New York; N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application January 25, 1935, serial Nofssi Y Eenewcd'september 9, 1938 8 Claims. (01.' `2810-55) 'I'he invention relates to the removal of suspended solids from liquid for the purpose vof effecting a complete or partial clarification, as the case may be, of the liquid. 'I'he invention particularly relates to apparatus useful in this con-4 nection. v

There are many iields where there is a relatively large amount of liquid carrying suspended matter which it 1s desirable to clarify to a greater 10 or less extent so as to ,remove by a sedimentation vprocess certain of the suspended matterv streams or other places of disposition, the treating of sewage or sewage sludge in order to deliver a clear or clearer eilluent and -to recover or obtain certain solid content thereof as sedimented sludge. Manifestly many other elds of use might be mentioned;

The invention of the present case may be considered as relating to a thickener or clariiier( for general use and it revolves about aconstruction y' 'wherein there is a sedimentation tank or. basin into which there is a delivery of the liquid to be cla'ried by a longitudinally extending inuent supply conduit. The conduit is closed and submerged and carries the influent therein isolated from the surrounding liquid in the tank and l under a hydrostatic head which corresponds to the depth of its submergence. The liquid to be clarified flows from along the bottom of the conduit throughV a series of submerged inuent de'- livery sections longitudinally arranged along alower interior section of the tank. The influent is thus delivered directly into -a lower longitudinally extending section, or sections, of the settling chamber of the thickener or clarifier and is compelled .to take a U-shaped path or U-shaped 4'5. paths extending'in a. general transverse direction. During` this U-shaped transverse ow there follows a substantial settling outv of the suspended matter. 'I'he clarified liquid in passing from the settling chamber continues the general transverse 5'0 flow or flows to and into one or more longituf dinally extending eiiluent laundrs disposed along an upper interior section of the settling chamber. The clarier or thickener is provided with a longitudinally movableraking mechanism by 55 which the settled sludge is longitudinally moved alongthe iioor of the tank to. a depressedsection of the latter from which the sludge is withdrawn as-by a pumping mechanism or other sludge removing arrangement. The clarifier may or may not be provided' with a scum removing mecha- 5 nism according to the desires of a particular operator or the requirements for a particular plant.

According to one aspect of the invention the clarifier or clarifying apparatus comprises a settling tank or chamber which is long as compared lo with its breadth and depth, which in plan is approximately rectangular, which has an approximately iiat horizontal bottom, and which also has upright sides andy ends. This form of clarifier preferablyhas an influent supply means 15 that comprises delivery sections provided by a submerged pipe or conduit located in and, along a lower section thereof and from which-through. slots, 'passageways or 4openings provided in or along the same-there is a downward discharge of o liquid to be claried. In one form of clariiier this submerged inuent supply pipe or conduit isdisposedalong the lower portion of a longitudinally extending central section of the settling chamber or tank, and said tank also has 25 arranged adjacent or along the upp'er portions of the longitudinally extending sides thereof effluent launders" which function to' influence or cause divided transverse flows of the liquid delivered from the discharge slots or passageways 30 ofv the inuent supply means whereby during the divided transverse flows there follows'\a lsubstantial settling in the form of sludge of solids suspended within the liquid. v

In a clarifier embodying these v,features of con-ffms struction there can be realizeda relatively uniform distribution or -delivery of liquid to be treated throughout-the length of the tank. vAlso regardless of the particular length of thetank there can -be realized a transverse ow of the -same general character'throughout each transverse-section of the tank With' Ythe result that a relatively uniform settling condition for the liq'- uid being treated follows for each and all said sections of the tank. l

The invention according to its more specic aspects relates to the arrangement of the several diiferentparts and features which enter into the clarier construction as a-whole and to the functioning thereof. Further 'objects and features will become apparent from the succeeding portions of the speciiication including the claims thereof. v

. The invention possesses other objects and features of advantages, some Vof which, with the u foregoing, will be set forth in the following tdescription. In the description and in the' claims, parts will be identified by specific names for c onvenience but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the art will permit. In the accompanying drawings there has been illustrated the best embodiment of this invention known to me but such embodiment is to employing a plurality of such tanks or basins.

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a clarifier and is a view taken on the vertical planes indicated by the broken line 2--2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view of the clarifier of Fig. 1 and is a view taken on the plane indicated by the broken line 3 3 of Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 3 is on a'larger scale than that of Fig. 1 or Fiwg. 2.

' Fig. 4 is a perspective view showingi-on a larger scale than in Fig`3-the iniiuent supply conduit, its relationship in respect to a centrally located longitudinally extending rib below it, and the mode of supporting the conduitl in spaced relationship above the rib.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an end section of the clarifier of Fig. 1. Invthis Fig; 5 the relative position of the main infiuent conduit in respect to certain effluent launders is clearly brought out as is also the position of a scum launder that provides an outflow for scum passed thereinto.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view of a modified form of inuent supply couduit which may be. employed.

Figs. 'l and "la collectively illustrate a sectional view, partially broken away, of the iniiuent supply conduit of Fig. 6, Figs. '7 and 7a collectively illustrate a horizontal sectional view taken as on the planes indicated by the broken line 'lalla of Fig. 6 looking in the direction of the arrows. l

Figs. 8 and 8a collectively illustrate a sectional view, partially broken away, of the influent supply conduit of Fig. 6.

Figs. 8 and 8a. collectively illustrate a vertical sectional view taken as on the plane indicated by the broken line 8 8 of Fig'. 6 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrative of a further form of clarifier that employs a centrally located influent supply conduit with a longitudi,

nally arranged series of submerged discharge passageways and a centrally located eflluent trough or launder that is positioned directly over.

the iniiuent supply conduit.

Fig. 10 is a vertical cross sectional view'of the centrally located iniiuent supply conduit and the centrally located ellluent launder of Fig. 9.

Reference will now be made to the drawings in detail. The clarifier of Figs; 1 to 4 will first be described. The clarifier as a whole is collectively cally operated scraping or raking mechanism collectively designated as 3. The mechanical scraping or raking mechanism is arranged with respect to the tank so as to eiect a scraping and impellg ing along theqfloor of the tank of settled or deposited solids, in the form of sludge, to a sump provided bya pocket or receiving section 4 from whichthe sludge is removed in 'a suitable manner.

This clarier, whichis typical of any one of a series of rectangular clariers that may be assembled in a liquid clarification system, receives they liquid to be clarified from a transversely extending main iniiuent channel or conduit 5 located at one end of the clarifier. From the clarifier the effluent ultimately passes to and into a transversely extending main eilluent channel or conduit 6. The rectangular settling tank 2 is relatively long as compared with either its breadth or depth and is generally left uncovered or in other words it is open at the top. It is made of concrete or any other suitablemateri'al and as shown is constructed so as to comprise orprovide relatively flat horizontal bottom or floor portions l and so as toV have longitudinally and vertically extending side walls 8 and transversely and vertically extending end walls 9A and 9B. In the arrangement as shown the sludge pocket or sump I is located at one end of the tank and interrupts the continuity of the fiat floor portion. The pocket l extends a substantial distance below the supporting surface III of the floor. Sludge is raked or scraped from and along the oor as by Scrapers or rakes II of the scraping or raking mechanism@ and byy the Scrapers or rakes' II the sludge is ultimately passed into the sludge receiving pocket from which the sludge is removed in a suitable manner Y as through the medium of a pumping mechanism that includes thesuction/pipe I2.

One of the end wall portions or end structures of the clarifier tank may be considered.

as providing at least a portion of the main inuent channel 5 and through this portion there is provided an orifice or discharge opening I3 into and through which the influent for the particular tank passes on its way to the tank. The tank is also provided with branching influent receiving and supply sections or conduits It and I5. The influent receiving section It is, as shown, anv elbow shaped pipe or conduit that provides a vertically extending portion into which the influent from the orifice or opening I3 is received and through which the influent passes first downwardly thence horizontally towards and into the section or conduit I5 herein termed and often referred to as the longitudinally extending influent supply ltrough or conduit. This influent supply conduit I5 extends horizontally for the full length or for nearly the full length of the vinterior of the settling tank and it is located in the lower portion of the 1ongitudinally extending central section thereof. A cross section of this pipe or conduit I5 is shown in Figs. 3 and 4. In the form or constructionv as shown the iniiuent enters theco'nduit I5 at one end thereof and the iniuent is discharged therefromv through 'a series of longitudinally arranged discharge passageways or openings I6 provided in and along/the lower wall portion -thereof. These discharge passageways or openings are preferably in the form of restricted openings as round holes or slots. They are submerged, and deliver the eliluent infa general downward direction and ldistribute it relatively uniformly'throughout the length of the tank,

whereby in passing longitudinally of the tank each succeeding transverse section of the tank receives substantially the same amount of influent which i's to be subject to the sedimentation process. The influent supply conduit; I5

, I6 through the bottom portion thereof shall be relatively restricted or small and that they shall be located relatively low within the tank whereby they are submerged and `thus deliver Athe influent against a hydrostatic head. In the arrangenient shown in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive the influent supply conduit I5 as a whole is submerged. Means for more positively controlling the flow direction of the influent leaving the influent supply conduit I5, .are shown to be provided as exemplied in the form skirts or depending aprons or plates II (see Figs'. 2 and 4). A similar arrangement can be discerned in Figs. 6, 9 and 1I).

, 'Ihe influent supply conduit I5 is suitablysuported as at the extreme ends of the tank by the concrete structure of the tank, and there are also preferably provided intermediate supports I3 as is clearly shown in Figs. 2, 3 and 4'.

It is possible that the influent supply conduit may become plugged or obstructed due to the entrance of unduly large material or of material which may mass and to avoid any diffi- -culties which may .be experienced because of this, the influent delivery section may be constructed 'so that certain sections of the top portion thereof can be removed and replaced, as by providing top sections designated I9. 'I'hese sections I9. are sometimes referred to as the removable roof sections of the influent supply conduit.

4In the Qtank as shown there is also provided a longitudinally extending centrally located rib that is located at the floor portion and which divides theyiloor into sludge receiving sections 2 I-2I along the sides thereof. This rib is made A-.shaped and the vertex portionof the A is located directly below the influent discharge openings. The downwardly and outwardly (or downwardly and transversely) sloping walls of this rib can serve to both direct depositing sludge into the sludge receiving`sections and also to deflect the downwardly owing influentltransversely or laterally in respect vto the tank. The

transverse or lateral flow of the influent ensures the maintaining of therib relatively clear of deposited material and particularly free of any material likely to adhere thereto for ny length of time.

respect to the j'side-walls whereby as the result .of this arrangement eluent can enter each such launder by overowing thereinto at and alongv each side thereof. One end 23A of each of these i launders-the end nearest the influent end of 5 the tankis blind or closedlwhile the end 23B--v the end nearest the ellluent delivery end of the tank-merges into av transverselyextending efl fluent collecting launder or section 24 whichin turn through the short conduits or portions 25 10 delivers. the eilluent by a longitudinal flow into the transversely. extending. main eilluent `trough or conduit 6. v

The tank is also provided at one end thereof, to Wit, preferably at the influent receiving end 15 thereof with a transversely extending scum launder 26 which is arrangedwithin the upper portion of the tank so as to receive scum which is conveyed or passed thereto as through the instrumentality kof a scum scraper 21 hereinafter 20 referred to. This' scum launder or trough 26 is arranged to conduct away the scum to any suitable place for disposal of the same. The scum launder is separated from the main influent conduit 5'through the medium of a wall. portion 25 28 that extends above the water level of the liquid withinthe tank.

Reference has heretofore been made to the raking or scraping mechanism 3. 4This comprises any suitable means for supporting and actuating 30 the same. As far as the essence of the present invention is concerned it is sufficient to point out that this mechanism includes raking orscraping elements II which are longitudinally movable in f a lower position from the effluent end of the tank towards the influent end of the tank and which during said movement effects. a rraking or scraping and impelling of deposited sludge longitudinally along the floor 1 of the sludge receiving sections 2I to and into the sludge pocket or sump 40 l heretofore referred to. There are two sets of these rakes or Scrapers II as is clearly shown in Fig. 3 whereby the sludge receiving sections at opposite sides of the longitudinally extending centrally located rib 20 are simultaneously 45 scraped.

During vthe return movement of the Scrapers II they occupy an elevated position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and in order that there shall be no dead pocket in the tank which is not reached by the Scrapers II, there is provided a fillet portion or a horizontally extending rib 29 that extends transversely the full width of the tank.

In Fig. 3 there clearly appear scum bales des- 55 ignated as 30-30 Ywhich are inwardly located in respect to theellluent yreceiving launders. 23, which are fairly close to these launders, which extend above said launders.- and which parallel said launders the full length thereof. These 50 scum bailles prevent any substantial acc'umulation of scum in the region of the effluent receiving launders and they serve to confine within the space between them any scum tending to accumulate in and at the main top portion of the tank. The mechanically operated raking or scraping mechanism 3 also preferably includes as an adjunct or auxiliary thereto the trasversely extending scum scraping member 21. This member 2' in effect serves as abroom to 70 scrape or move the scum confined between the scum baflles 30 in a general forward longitudinal direction, .and to sweep the scum. -into the scum i launders 26. The mechanism for operating this l scraping mechanism 3 is-driven in any suitable 75 manner as from a motor 3l through vthe'mediuxn of the endless rope drive 32 shown in association therewith and the construction isalso such that the scum scraping member 2liv during a forward longitudinal scraping movement is in a lower scraping position whereas during a return movement it is in elevated inoperative position above y the surface of liquid within the tank.

It will be understood however that for the purpose of the invention any other suitable form of sludge scraping mechanism and of scum scraping mechanism could be employed as a substitute for or inl place of that herein indicated.

The eiiuent launders .are carried Vthrough the medium of the intermediate supports I8 and it will be noted that the sloping floor portions of the rib 20 asv described serve to clear the space between these intermediate supports 3I--3I of any deposited sludge or solids tending to collect therein.

' In the normal functioning of the clarifier herein shown and disclosed Ait will be noted that there is a submerged delivery of the influent into and along a lower interior portion of the settling tank, that this dliveryis against a relatively substantial head' whereby \only slight pressure differential exists, that this influent delivery is lthrough a series of relatively restricted passageways provided forA substantially the entire length of the influent discharge section, that this influent delivery' is relatively uniform throughout the various longitudinally arranged transverse sections of the tank, and that the eluent for each section is delivered into the settling chamber 'of the tank in ageneral'downward direction.

It will also be noted that the liquid which is subject to sedimentation has a U-shaped transverse now from a lower section of the tank to the eilluent receiving launders and that the path of the flow is relatively long. It will also be n oted as, previously indicated that the eiiiuent enters the elliuent receiving launders along opposite sides thereof whereby a relatively slow but large eiiluent delivery can be taken care of without disturbing the sedimentation' which is carried out within the tank. According to the preferred 1 to 5 inclusive the influent delivery section or conduit I5 is located in the lower central portion of the tank and the eiluent receiving launders 23--23 are located at the upper side portions of the tank whereby the incoming liquid which first enters the lower portion of the tank in a general downward path and is compelled to separate or divide into transverse flow paths or lines, some going to the right towards the eflluent receiving launder at the right hand side of the tank and some going to the eiuent receiving launder at the left hand side of the tank.

Much has heretofore been madeof the fact that the discharge openings I5 leading from the influent supply conduit I5 are relatively restricted or small. It is feasible to construct this inf fluent supply conduit so that the discharge openings thereof are of the required fixed or predetermined size. In certain instances however it may be desirable to employ discharge construction for the inuent supply conduit which will permit adjustment or variation in size of the discharge openings or discharge sections thereof.

Fig. 6, Figs. '7 and 'laand Figs. 8 and 8a show a construction according to which any sizeof discharge passageway within a reasonable limited range can be attained. In Fig. 6 there is illustrated in cross section a longitudinally extending inuent supply conduit II5 which can be employed inplace of and as a substitute for the influent supply conduit I5 of Figs. 1 to 4 inelusive. The conduit of Fig. 6 has depending l aprons or plates II'I for ensuring a continued downward flow space below the influent supply conduit. The base portion of the conduit. II5 has a series of discharge passageways or openings IIS. operatively associated with this base portion of the conduit II5 there is provided a longitudinally arranged series of adjustable members or apertures IIIIA, IIBB, II8C, and IIBDv respectively provided with openings II9A, IISB, IISG and IIQD which can be positioned to register with the discharge openings or passageways I I6. However a gear mechanism is provided for each plate or member II8A whereby any desired effective area for a passageway or opening can be realized as for example a restricted square area defined by the lines AB, BC, CD; and DA of Fig. '7. Each of these plates or members II8A, .I I8B, etc., as the case may be, comprises a toothed rake I20 with whichtheregmeshes the teeth of a spur gear as I2I that isA carried on a suit/ably mounted shaft I22' 'which in turn is actuated through the medium of suitable gearing including members. such as beveled gears |23 and |26, shaft |25, beveled gears |26 and I2'I and any suitable operating mechanism therefor. There is a set of this operating gearing foreach particular plate or member II8A with the result that. the discharge passageways for any particular section can be regulated independent of the discharge passageways for thel other sections of the influent discharge conduit.l

Figs. 9 and 10A illustrate an arrangement that contains or embodies the essential features of the arrangement of Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive but it will be noted that in respect to the arrangement of Figs. 9 and 10 the in uent supply conduit 2I5 which corresponds in functional. arrangement and position to the inuent supply conduit I5 of Figs. 1 to lhas located above the same an eluent receiving conduit 226. In short in the 7arrangement of Fig. 9 there is at and located along the upperportion of each side of the sedimentation tank an eiluent receiving launder 223 and at and along the upper central portion of K the sedimentation tank a longitudinally extend- 'ing effluent receiving launder 226. These eluent receiving launders deliver into a transversely extending eilluent collecting launder 224 which in turn delivers into a short longitudinally extending. conduitor passageway 225 leading to a main veiiiuent delivery launder. Depending aprons 2II are arranged along the influent` supply conduit 2I5 and these aprons function in the same manner as the aprons I'I described in connection with the arrangement of the Figs. 1 to 4.

the proper design and general functioning thereof one is enabled to realize a relatively uniform flow for each section thereof regardless as to conduit, and also a reciprocable carriage opera-- whether the clarifier is long or short. The pres- -ent invention leads to a construction which readment of a clarifier such as herein outlined readily adapts itself to a plant construction of suitable size for the present day needs but it also permits an extension of the plant in many ways or directions-without detrimentally affecting the operation of that portion: or portionsA of th plant already installed. l

4suspended solids t v solids discharge in' the bottom', effluent outflowv What is claimed is:

1. A decantation and solids settling clarifier equipped for mechanically removing settled solids while the eflluent overflow separation functions, which comprises in combination a longitudinally-extending rectangular horizontal tank that; is-'substantially longer than wide or high and has upstanding boundary walls and a substantially horizontally-extending flat bottom for settle thereon, and has a means including a substantially lineal and level overflow weir edge extending lalong the upper longitudinal portion of the tank and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis-thereof and designed to cause a substantially evenly distributed Aoverflow to Atake place therealong; in-

iluent conveying and distributing means also extending parallel to said longitudinal `tank axis and Isubstantially the length of said overflow Weir edge, which means have a submerged influent deliveryportion extending within the boundaries of the tank and spaced from the bottom thereof, said submerged influent portion having in turn disposed along the length thereof a series of relatively closely-spaced and relatively Irestricted influent delivery openings adapted to deliver therethrough substantially evenly distributed inuent component portions as from alongitudinal base corresponding to the length of the tank and of said influent-conveying means and into the liquid body in the tank, said submerged influent delivery portion otherwise cooperatively associatedwith and co-ordinated to said eilluent Weir in a manner to effect a general flow of said, influent or influent component portions from said longitudinal base substantially upwardly and transversely of the tank to and over a substantially corresponding length of said overflow weir; and raking mechanism disposed in and,y relative to the tank interior for conveying settled solids over the tank bottom to said discharge, and including rake-supporting portions designed to extend exteriorly and clear of said submerged influent portion.

2. A sedimentation apparatus4 according to claim -l, in which the inuent conveying and distributing means comprise an influent supply v conduit disposed intermediate the side boundary walls of the tank and spaced therefrom; in which the influent delivery openings are disposed in the submerged influent delivery portion so as to effect the delivery therethrough of influent liquid in a4 downward direction; in which the effluent overflow Weir edges and associated eflluent-conducting means therefor are disposed to extend in substantially symmetrical relation to said influent conduit and substantially at and along the upper portion of the side walls of the tank; and in which the raking mechanism comprises apair of raking elements disposed in ysubstantially symmetrical fashion straddling and clear' of said tively supporting said raking elements.

3. A sedimentation apparatus according to claim il, in which the influent conveying andA distributing means comprise an influent supply -oonduit intermediate the side-boundary walls of the tank and spaced therefrom; in which the influent -delivery openings are disposed -in the submerged bottom portion of 'said influent delivery! so as to effect the delivery therethrough of Yinfluent liquid in a downward direction; 1n

which the eiiluent overflow weir edgesand associated eiiluent conducting means therefor are disposed to extend in substantially symmetrical re- -sectional solids-settling areas to convey settled solids along the length of the tank to said di'scharge. l

4. A sedimentation apparatus accordingl to claim l, with the addition of meansvfor regulating the effective flow area of the inuent delivery openings with respect to the flow area. of the influent conveying means.

5. A decantation and solids settling clarifier, comprising a longitudinally-extending s ubstantially flat-bottomed tank substantially longer than wide or high, eilluent overiiowreceiving launder means longitudinally co-extending therewith, an influent conduit supported upon and along the tank bottom, and disposed intermediate the tank side walls and in co-operative parallel relationshipA with said voverflow launder means and having submerged relatively restricted influent delivery outlet means along and-in thev portion of thev tank interior, a vpair of bailles flanking the influent delivery means and extending along and from the conduitdownwardlyto a point spaced from the tank bottom to permit passage of feed' through the clearance between the bailies and the tank bottom in co-operative relationship with said influent delivery means vand said bailles, a ow dividing ridge provided .upon the tank bottom opposite said conduit delivery portion, and sludge-raking means operatively engageable upon the tank bottom.

6. In combination, alongitudinally-extending clarifier tank, a longitudinally extending influent supply conducting means having downwardly` discharging normally-submerged relatively `re stricted influent delivery means, means for regulating the eifective flow area of the influent delivery means relative to the effective flow area of the influent supply-conducting means, and

supports for sustaining the conduit upon and along and spaced from the tank bottom.

7. In combination, a longitudinally-extending clarifier tank, a longitudinally-extending inuent supply-conducting means having a lower portion adapted for downward influent .delivery therefrom, provided with a seriesof downwardlydischarging and -normally-submerged relatively restricted individual passageways, and means for individually regulating the eective flow area of the respective passageways relative to the eective flow area ofsaid supply-conducting means, and supports for sustaining the conducting meansV upon and along and spaced from the tank bottom.

8. In combination with a longitudinally-extending clarier tank, a longitudinally-extending inuent supply-conducting means having a lower portion provided with a series of downwardlydischarging and normally-submerged relatively restricted individual passageways adapted for downward and substantially uniformly-distributed inliuent delivery at a point in the lower portion of the tank interior, a pair of battles anking said series of passageways and extending alongY and from the lower conduit portion downwardly to a point spaced from the tank bottom to permit passage of feed through the clearance between the baes and thetank bottom, a now-dividing ridge provided upon the tank bottom opposite said inuent-discharging passageways and in co-operative relationship with said inuent delivery means and said baies, and supports for sustaining the conducting means upon and along and spaced from the tank bottom.

JOHN VAN NOSTRAND DORR. 

